<i>Wil Luunda ‘Waada aks</i> (Where the Waters Meet): Deep-time histories of shifting estuarine landscapes and human settlement in <i>Laxgalts’ap</i> watershed, northern British Columbia, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The geomorphological dynamism of estuarine landscapes provides challenges to archaeologists trying to understand the long-term, intertwined histories of people and place in these ecotones. This is especially the case in regions like the Northwest Coast of North America, where the location of the interface between river and coast has shifted in tandem with changing relative sea level (RSL) positions in the late Pleistocene through the Holocene. We explore the deep-time landscape and settlement histories of the estuarine landscapes of Laxgalts’ap, a culturally significant place for the Gitga’at First Nation on the northern coast of British Columbia, Canada, by melding archaeological, paleoenvironmental, and oral historical knowledge. Using geological data and GIS modeling, we document the evolution of the estuary at Laxgalts’ap in the context of a transformation from a marine channel to an inlet and then a river valley over the last 14,500 years. Our archaeological surveys revealed evidence of human occupation that is over 10,600 years old and spans the Holocene, demonstrating the long-term connections to estuarine areas that are also reflected in Gitga’at oral traditions. This study demonstrates how, with careful attention to geomorphological processes and landscape change, we can document deep-time cultural connections to place, even in the most dynamic landscapes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".