0932 Sleep Difficulties: Prevalence, relationship with psychological outcomes, and interindividual differences in student-athletes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Mental health issues are a leading cause of decreased academic and athletic performances when left untreated. Recently, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) have highlighted the fundamental importance of mental health among young athletes. Sleep represents a core feature of mental health, and student-athletes represent a vulnerable population for sleep restriction and disruption due to the demands of their courseload and training schedule. This investigation was performed to identify differences in sleep and mental health across gender, race/ethnicity, and sport type. Methods Data were obtained throughout the academic semester from Canadian institutions, with student-athletes completing the Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). ASSQ captured sleep and circadian health, while GAD-7 and PHQ-9 assessed anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. Linear regression determined gender, race/ethnicity, and sport type differences across ASSQ sleep problems score, ASSQ sleep items, GAD-7 score, PHQ-9 score, and PHQ-9 item #9 (suicidal ideation). Results Final sample (N=559) was 53.0% female, 79.1% white, comprised of young individual (Mean Age = 18.9 ± 3.21), and included student-athletes from basketball, field-hockey, football, ice-hockey, soccer, volleyball, track & field and swimming. Females reported more overall sleep difficulties (p=0.01), medication use (p=0.04) and WASO (p=0.001) compared to males. Females also reported higher anxiety (p < 0.0001), depression (p< 0.0001), and suicidal ideation (p=0.03). Significant variance in total sleep time (TST) (p=0.001) and sleep satisfaction (p=0.04) was observed across race/ethnicity, with student-athletes identifying as Black or African American reporting the lowest TST, while Asian or Pacific Islander student-athletes reported the lowest sleep satisfaction. Significant variance in sleep difficulties score (p< 0.0001), TST (p < 0.0001), and satisfaction (p< 0.0001), as well as anxiety (p < 0.0001) and depression (p< 0.0001) was observed across sport type. Football student-athletes reported the highest sleep difficulties score, and lowest TST satisfaction. Field-hockey student-athletes reported the highest anxiety and depression. Conclusion Results suggest that sleep and mental health challenges present differently across gender, race/ethnicity, and sport type. Clarifying these unique and specific challenges to student-athlete sleep and mental health is necessary to enhance and personalize interventions. Support (if any) Mitacs #IT23469
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".