Experimental study on evolutive fracture behavior and properties of sulfate-rich fiber-reinforced cemented paste backfill under pure mode-I, mode-II, and mode-III loadings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tensile and shear fracture behaviors of fiber-reinforced cemented paste backfill (FRCPB) play critical roles in the safe and cost-effective engineering design of underground mine backfill structures. Sulfate pore solution is a key factor affecting the time-dependent evolution of fracture behavior and properties of FRCPB. However, no studies have been carried out to systematically investigate its effects on the fracture behavior and properties of mine backfill used in underground mines. The objective of this study is to discover the effect of sulfate concentration (0, 5000, 15,000, and 25,000 ppm) on FRCPB's fracture behavior and properties at different curing times (3, 7, 28, and 90 days) and under pure mode-I, mode-II, and mode-III loadings. The results show that, except for the 3-day FRCPB, the increase in sulfate concentration can continuously improve pre-peak stiffness and peak fracture resistance force and significantly enhance the post-peak residual resistance , especially under mode-III loading. Moreover, fracture energy shows a higher sensitivity to the sulfate concentration with respect to fracture toughness and stiffness. Furthermore, sulfate concentration has a very limited effect on tensile crack trajectory under mode I loading, while a transition of shear cracks from a curved crack pattern to a sharp and straight one is detected under mode II and III loadings. In addition, the fracture toughness possesses a stronger correlation with material stiffness and thus is recommended for the design of FRCPB to offer a more effective immediate support to surrounding rock. The obtained results provide an in-depth insight into the sulfate-induced evolution of fracture behavior and properties of FRCPB under various loading conditions and thereby promote the safe implementation of mine backfill technology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".