Radiotherapy concepts for spinal metastases—results from an online survey among radiation oncologists of the German Society for Radiation Oncology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Spinal metastases (SM) are a common radiotherapy (RT) indication. There is limited level I data to drive decision making regarding dose regimen (DR) and target volume definition (TVD). We aim to depict the patterns of care for RT of SM among German Society for Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) members. METHODS: An online survey on conventional RT and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for SM, distributed via e‑mail to all DEGRO members, was completed by 80 radiation oncologists between February 24 and April 29, 2022. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. RESULTS: A variety of DR was frequently used for conventional RT (primary: n = 15, adjuvant: n = 14). 30 Gy/10 fractions was reported most frequently. TVD in adjuvant RT was heterogenous, with a trend towards larger volumes. SBRT was offered in 65% (primary) and 21% (adjuvant) of participants' institutions. A variety of DR was reported (primary: n = 40, adjuvant: n = 27), most commonly 27 Gy/3 fractions and 30 Gy/5 fractions. 59% followed International Consensus Guidelines (ICG) for TVD. CONCLUSION: We provide a representative depiction of RT practice for SM among DEGRO members. DR and TVD are heterogeneous. SBRT is not comprehensively practiced, especially in the adjuvant setting. Further research is needed to provide a solid data basis for detailed recommendations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".