Maine Indigenous Education Left Behind: A Call for Anti-Racist Conviction as Political Will Toward Decolonization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2001 the state of Maine passed the Wabanaki Studies Law, popularly referred to as LD 291 (per Maine Public Law 2001, Chapter 403, Title 20-A MRSA § 4706). Wabanaki, meaning “people of the dawn,” refers to the Penobscot, Passamaquoddy, Maliseet, Mi'kmaq, and Abenaki peoples residing in Maine and the Maritime Provinces of Canada. This precedent-setting curricular initiative requires K-12 educators to teach about the Indigenous people of Maine. The historical context of Wabanaki-colonizer relations and the current status of Wabanaki content delivery highlight challenges and opportunities in implementing the Wabanaki Studies Law. Intended to function as an educational policy working toward anti-racist education and decolonization of the Wabanaki, effective implementation requires reinstatement of the Wabanaki Studies Commission (WSC) with state and university backing; compulsory courses for preservice teachers; revised licensure requirements to ensure Maine teachers comply with the Wabanaki Studies Law and restoration of the full tuition waiver and room/board scholarship for Native American students at the University of Maine.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".