Abstract 13112: Theranostic Properties of Porphysome Nanoparticles in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: ‘Porphysome’ nanoparticles contain porphyrin-lipid which permits fluorescent imaging and can be radiolabelled for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The outer shell contains the R4F peptide that interacts with scavenger receptor SR-B1, enabling macrophage targeting and therapeutic effects. Aim: To investigate anti-atherosclerotic and imaging properties of porphysomes. Methods: In vitro, porphysome or PBS-treated macrophages were assessed for uptake (fluorescence microscopy), [ 3 H]-cholesterol efflux and inflammatory responses following lipopolysaccharide stimulation (qRT-PCR/ELISA). In vivo, high-fat diet (HFD) fed apolipoprotein ( Apo)e -/- mice were infused for 8 weeks with porphysomes (3x/week, 40mg/kg) or PBS. 64 Cu-porphysomes were detected by fluorescence (IVIS)/PET imaging. Aortas were digested for flow cytometry. Results: In vitro , porphysomes were internalised by macrophages and increased cholesterol efflux (80%, P <0.05), compared to PBS controls. Porphysomes reduced macrophage mRNA levels of inflammatory factors Il-1β (88%), Il-18 (54%) and Ccl5 (75%), and protein secretion of IL-1β (69%) and CCL5 (82%), P <0.05. Porphysomes suppressed inflammasome components Rela (38%), Nlrp3 (69%) and Asc (36%), P <0.05. In Apoe -/- mice, porphysomes were detected in aortic sinus plaque by fluorescence, co-localised with CD68 + macrophages, and by IVIS in aortic arch plaque, with higher fluorescence intensity in HFD (55%) than chow-fed mice. PET imaging found porphysomes localised in hearts. Porphysome uptake was higher in aortic macrophages than endothelial (9-fold) or smooth muscle (4.5-fold) cells ( P <0.05). Porphysome-treated mice had less aortic macrophages (49%) of the M2-like phenotype (60%), than PBS controls. Conclusions: Porphysomes exhibit multi-modal imaging capabilities for identifying plaque and have athero-protective properties, demonstrating theranostic potential for atherosclerosis.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".