Experience of dementia care burden: An exploratory study from India
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background In India, dementia care is typically provided by family caregivers. Traditionally caregiving is undertaken by women family members, however, changing societal and family structures may mean more men become involved in caregiving roles. This study explores gender differences in experience of care burden for older adults. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted to examine contextual factors contributing to care burden using case records of individuals visiting a non‐hospital based elder care organization in India. All had been administered Zarit Burden Interview – 22 (ZBI), Lawton Independent Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL) and Katz Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL). Mixed methods analysis was used to examine overall care burden across genders and factors contributing towards subjective experience of care burden. Result Data was examined from 60 family caregivers of older adults (M = 22; F = 38). Majority were carers for dementia and reported feeling the care recipient was dependent on them which was corroborated by findings of dependency on IADL (44%) and ADL (26%). Overall, caregivers experienced mild to moderate burden and ZBI scores did not differ significantly across genders t (48) = .70, p = .48<0.05, however, they did not feel comfortable handing care to anyone else. Only 31% caregivers had support from paid attendants with families preferring to manage care themselves. Item analysis revealed subjective experience of care burden differed across genders. Women (42%) experienced feeling strained quite frequently / nearly always compared to men (18%). Although men reported that they experienced stress due to caregiving, item analysis revealed that majority of men in regard to their health (M = 50%, F = 0%) or social life (M = 41%, F = 29%) reported never being greatly impacted due to caregiving activities as compared to women. Conclusion Findings indicate although men and women family carers of dementia experience similar levels of care burden, women experience greater strain as compared to men. Findings from this study has implications for development of gender sensitive caregiver support modules.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".