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Record W4380992278 · doi:10.1016/j.elspec.2023.147355

Illuminating the brain: Revealing brain biochemistry with synchrotron X-ray spectromicroscopy

2023· article· en· W4380992278 on OpenAlex
James Everett, Jake Brooks, Frederik Lermyte, Vindy Tjendana Tjhin, Ian Hands-Portman, Emily J. Hill, Joanna F. Collingwood, Neil D. Telling

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena · 2023
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicGlycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersEngineering and Physical Sciences Research CouncilWestern Economic Diversification CanadaCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchUniversity of WarwickVetenskapsrådetNational Research Council CanadaSvenska Forskningsrådet FormasOffice of ScienceKeele UniversityVINNOVADirectorate for Biological SciencesU.S. Department of EnergyDiamond Light SourceBasic Energy SciencesNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaCanadian Light Source
KeywordsSynchrotronMicroscopyHuman brainBrain researchNeuroscienceNanotechnologyX-rayChemistryMedicineMaterials scienceBiologyPathologyPhysicsOptics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The synchrotron x-ray spectromicroscopy technique Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM) offers a powerful means to examine the underlying biochemistry of biological systems, owing to its combined chemical sensitivity and nanoscale spatial resolution. Here we introduce and demonstrate methodology for the use of STXM to examine the biochemistry of the human brain. We then discuss how this approach can help us better understand the biochemical changes that occur during the development of degenerative brain disorders, potentially facilitating the development of new therapies for disease diagnosis and treatment.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.065
Threshold uncertainty score0.767

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.005
GPT teacher head0.256
Teacher spread0.251 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it