187-LB: Preclinical Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology in Young Adults with Youth-Onset Diabetes (YDM)—A Proof-of-Concept Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adult-onset diabetes increases one's risk for Alzheimer's disease and its related dementias (AD/ADRD). However, little is known about the risk for AD/ADRD in young adults with YDM. The current study quantified preclinical plasma and imaging biomarkers of AD/ADRD in a subset of young adults with YDM from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study cohort (type 1 diabetes [T1D], n=20; type 2 diabetes [T2D], n=21; mean [SD], age=27.4 years [2.2], diabetes duration=13.6 years [2.4], 59% female). Plasma biomarkers were assayed from stored samples at two timepoints: within 1-year of YDM diagnosis (baseline) and in young adulthood via the Quanterix Simoa platform including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain protein (NfL), phosphorylated tau-181 (pTau181), amyloid beta (Aβ)40, and Aβ42. Seven participants from the SEARCH subset (T1D=6, T2D=1; age=30.7 years [2.4], 87% female) and four age-similar controls (age=26.5 years [4.4], 50% female) underwent [18F]PI-2620 tau positron emission tomography (PET) to quantify brain tau density. Tau standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) with partial volume correction were derived in AD/ADRD sensitive brain regions. From baseline to young adulthood, plasma pTau181 significantly increased in both YDM-T1D and YDM-T2D (mean change=9.5 pg/mL [3.8] and 12.4 pg/mL [6.3], respectively; p<0.001). Average tau SUVRs in the middle temporal poles (SUVR=1.26 [0.14] vs 1.17 [0.04]) and parahippocampal gyri (SUVR=1.01 [0.33] vs 0.92 [0.05]) were greater in YDM vs. controls. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Our preliminary results suggest that YDM may increase the risk of AD/ADRD via accelerated accumulation of soluble phosphorylated tau. Additional measurement of AD/ADRD neuropathology, including amyloid PET scans, is currently underway to further understand the trajectory of preclinical AD/ADRD pathology in YDM. Disclosure A. Shapiro: None. K. K. Harrall: None. R. A. Barcus: None. J. Tan: None. B. Bettcher: None. A. Thaker: None. K. A. Walker: None. A. D. Liese: None. D. Dabelea: None. C. T. Whitlow: Consultant; Biogen, Genentech, Inc. C. Coughlan: None. J. Kim: None. H. Potter: None. P. Bjornstad: Advisory Panel; AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Lilly, Horizon Therapeutics plc, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., LG Chem, Consultant; Bayer Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. M. E. Pauley: None. B. S. Rajic: None. J. Truong: None. D. H. Glueck: None. Funding American College of Radiology
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".