Green synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of Zn, Cu monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles using Borassus flabellifer leaves extract
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the present work, Zn, Cu monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized using leaves extract of Borassus flabellifer. Plant extract acts as both surfactant and reducing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterised by UV-Vis, XRD, FESEM, EDX, and HRTEM techniques. UV-Vis spectroscopy is used to monitor the synthesis of nanoparticles. XRD technique was used to confirm the amorphous nature of nanoparticles. The FESEM images demonstrate that the shape of the nanoparticles such as Zn monometallic (pseudo-spherical), Cu monometallic (rod), Zn-Cu bimetallic are (pseudo-spherical and rod-shaped). HRTEM images show the approximate size of the Zn, Cu monometallic and Zn-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles is 3.0 nm, 3.52 nm and 2.2 nm respectively. EDX spectra confirm the presence of Zn, Cu and O in the sample. Synthesized Zn, Cu monometallic nanoparticles, and Zn-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles were used to evaluate their possible antimicrobial, antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Bimetallic nanoparticles displayed higher antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial properties in the comparison of monometallic nanoparticles. The results suggest that Zn-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles have greater potential than monometallic nanoparticles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".