Solidification Kinetics of an Al-Ce Alloy with Additions of Ni and Mn
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heat-treated aluminum–silicon (Al-Si)-based alloys have dominated the cast lightweight alloy industry for several decades. However, in the last decade, Al-Ce-based alloys have shown promise in replacing Al-Si alloys as they remove the need for costly heat treatments. As the properties of Al-Ce alloys depend on the as-cast microstructure, it is important to characterize the solidification kinetics of these alloys. Therefore, this study focused on characterizing the solidification of an Al-Ce alloy with additions of Ni and Mn (nominal composition Al-12.37Ce-3.26Ni-0.94Mn-0.12Fe in weight percent). The alloy was cast in a wedge mold configuration, resulting in cooling rates between 0.18 and 14.27 °C/s. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with the energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques characterized the evolution rate of solid phases. The SEM/EDS data revealed that an Al10CeMn2 phase was present at higher cooling rates. At lower cooling rates, near the center of the casting, a primary Al23Ce4Ni6 phase was more present. It was observed that up to 2.6 atomic percent (at.%) of Mn was dissolved in this primary Al23Ce4Ni6 phase, thereby removing a large portion of the available Mn for forming the Al10CeMn2 phase. DSC analysis showed differences in the samples’ liquidus temperatures, which indicated compositional variations. Inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Scheil solidification simulations correlated the compositional differences with phase formation, which agreed with the SEM and DSC results. This experiment provides insight into novel Al-Ce-Ni-Mn alloys and where their potential lies in industrial applications.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it