Unbiased Passive Sampling of All Polychlorinated Biphenyls Congeners from Air
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The desire to quantify the presence of a wide range of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in air is driven both by an interest in the sources and fate of unintentionally produced congeners and in quantifying human inhalation exposure to volatile PCBs. The wide volatility range can introduce bias when sampling the entire suite of PCBs. Here, we present the result of a field calibration experiment that demonstrates that even the most volatile PCBs maintain linear uptake in a passive air sampler using XAD-resin as the sorbent (XAD-PAS). Empirically derived sampling rates ( SR s) for 66 congeners decrease with the number of chlorines and, within a homologue, increase with the number of chlorines in the ortho-position. The large seasonal temperature range at the site of the calibration allowed for an estimation of the temperature dependence of the SR s. The effects of chlorine substitution and temperature can be expressed quantitatively through a regression relating the SR to the sorption constant to XAD from the gas phase. As a result, it is possible to estimate SR s for all congeners at any deployment temperature. The XAD-PAS is well suited for unbiased sampling of gaseous PCBs in a wide variety of settings.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it