Association between remnant cholesterol and progression of bioprosthetic valve degeneration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: Remnant cholesterol (RC) seems associated with native aortic stenosis. Bioprosthetic valve degeneration may share similar lipid-mediated pathways with aortic stenosis. We aimed to investigate the association of RC with the progression of bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration and ensuing clinical outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We enrolled 203 patients with a median of 7.0 years (interquartile range: 5.1-9.2) after surgical aortic valve replacement. RC concentration was dichotomized by the top RC tertile (23.7 mg/dL). At 3-year follow-up, 121 patients underwent follow-up visit for the assessment of annualized change in aortic valve calcium density (AVCd). RC levels showed a curvilinear relationship with an annualized progression rate of AVCd, with increased progression rates when RC >23.7 mg/dL (P = 0.008). There were 99 deaths and 46 aortic valve re-interventions in 133 patients during a median clinical follow-up of 8.8 (8.7-9.6) years. RC >23.7 mg/dL was independently associated with mortality or re-intervention (hazard ratio: 1.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.31-2.99; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Elevated RC is independently associated with faster progression of bioprosthetic valve degeneration and increased risk of all-cause mortality or aortic valve re-intervention.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".