Anatomical and isotopic traits in grapevine wood rings record environmental variability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary In the Mediterranean region, prolonged droughts affect the growth and reproductive cycles of grapevine. Changes in the physiological processes of grapevine, consequent to variations in environmental factors or cultivation management, are recorded in wood anatomical and isotopic traits in grapevine stems. In this study, we measured the anatomical traits and stable carbon isotope content in the annual rings of Vitis vinifera L. subsp. vinifera ‘Falanghina’ in four vineyards located in southern Italy, characterised by different water availability. The aim was to investigate how wood anatomical traits respond to interannual climatic variations according to local conditions. Wood cores were taken from the stem of the grapevines and subjected to both microscopy and carbon stable isotope analyses to quantify functional wood anatomical traits, such as vessel size and frequency, and the intrinsic water-use efficiency of the grapevine. Wood traits were correlated with data on precipitation and temperature. The results showed that the plants at the four vineyards were characterised by differences in wood structure influencing the grapevine’s physiology under different conditions of water availability. Overall, the analyses showed that the grapevines at the wetter sites developed wood traits, e.g., wide vessels, which favour the efficiency of water flow, while at the drier sites, they developed plant traits, e.g., small vessels, which favour safety against embolism. However, the robustness of such main trends is trait-specific and is influenced by interannual climatic variability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".