Acquiring Photoplethysmography (PPG) Signal Without LED
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors should use the least amount of power possible when integrated into wearables as battery life is one of the main concerns in wearable area. In this context, we propose a system which can collect PPG signals under ambient light conditions without turning on any LED of the PPG sensor (NO-LED mode). The system consists of an efficient analog front end, a photodiode and a microprocessor. Results show that PPG signals recorded with the proposed system under different ambient light conditions can be placed in reliable or acceptable category. Moreover, heart rate estimated from NO-LED mode PPG signal shows less than 6% error when compared with heart rate estimated from a typical PPG signal acquired with LED on. Since LED is the most power consuming part of the PPG sensor, the proposed system has potential for increasing the battery life of PPG sensor-based wearables.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it