Incidence of acute kidney injury in infants with dextrotransposition of the great arteries after arterial switch operation (an observational cohort single-center study)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is a type of congenital cardiac disease that affects 4.7/10,000 live births. The arterial switch operation (ASO) is the most preferred surgery to repair this anomaly. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is imperative to perform the operation. Prolonged exposure to the CPB can affect the liver, brain, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and heart. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CPB on the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in infants with TGA who underwent the ASO and to validate the applicability of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) for diagnosis of AKI. Material and methods The single-center study included 390 cases. All patients were classified using the pediatric risk, injury, failure, loss, end stage (pRIFLE) classification to assess the incidence of AKI. 360 cases were retrospective, and thirty cases were prospective; those thirty cases were assessed three times (before the operation, immediately postoperatively, and one week after the operation) with NGAL as a biomarker of renal tubular impairment. Results Among a total of 390 patients with transposition of the great vessels who underwent ASO, postoperative urea and creatinine showed a significant increase (p-value < 0.001), and a significant decrease was observed in postoperative glomerular filtration rate (p-value < 0.001). Around 40% of the patients showed positive postoperative AKI according to the pRIFLE classification. There was a significant increase in immediate and one-week postoperative NGAL levels in the thirty prospective cases. At the cut-off point serum NGAL concentration of 15.7 ng/ml, the sensitivity was 100%, and negative predictive value was 100%. Conclusions Acute kidney injury is a serious complication that can occur after open-heart surgery. Postoperative NGAL level could be a good indicator for postoperative AKI.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".