Ultrasound-Assisted Novel Double Emulsion Containing Grape Pomace Polyphenols as a Delivery System to Encapsulate Vitamin E and Omega-3 for Food and Dietary Supplement Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Grape pomace (GP) is a by-product of food industry production rich in polyphenols which is beneficial to the human body.An electrochemical (EC) method was used to remove the bitterness and astringency of tannins in grape pomace extract.An optimized current 0.15A and 1.5 g/L NaCl concentration were chosen to remove tannins.The TTC (total tannin content) decreased by 83% after the electrochemical treatment.A novel food grade O/W/O double emulsion delivery system was designed with TFE (tannins-free extracts) and 1% psyllium husk using low-frequency ultrasound (20kHz).Ultrasound improved the emulsion stability and reduced the single emulsion droplet size which confirmed by microscope.TFE was added to the emulsion to delay lipid oxidation which was confirmed by ORAC test.The feasibility of optimized TFE double emulsion delivery system was investigated by encapsulating vitamin E (α -tocopherol) and omega-3 fatty acids.The double emulsion was stable up to 30 days.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".