Gut microbiota of cattle and horses and their use in the production of ethanol and lactic acid from timothy hay
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The gut of herbivorous animals is an untapped source of the microbial consortium that could be used to improve the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. This study investigated the hydrolysis of Timothy hay by the anaerobic incubation with fecal inocula from four cows (CB) and four horses (HB) for 72 h. The microbial communities colonized timothy hay were analyzed using Illumina Mi-Seq sequencing of 16S rDNA genes. The source of the inoculum affected the structure of microbial communities that were dominated by phylum Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria, and the dominant genera were Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia-Shigella, Bacteroides, and Prevotella. Moreover, several bacteria were observed exclusively in a specific group. For example, group CB had phylum Fibrobacterota and Spirochaetota besides genera Prevotellaceae YAB2003 and Bacteroides; and group HB had genera Weissella and Lactococcus. Moreover, function prediction revealed that the CB group has a higher abundance of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism. Group CB showed higher neutral detergent fiber degradability (NDFD), gas production, cellulase, xylanase, and xylose, and group HB showed higher dry matter degradability (DMD), glucose, ethanol, and lactic acid. The feces of cattle and horses represent a source of the bacterial consortium for enzyme production and the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it