Clinical Impact and Mechanisms of Nonatherosclerotic Vascular Aging: The New Kid to Be Blocked
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ischemic cardiovascular disease and stroke remain the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality.During aging, protective mechanisms in the body gradually deteriorate, resulting in functional, structural, and morphologic changes that affect the vascular system.Because atherosclerotic plaques are not always present along with these alterations, we refer to this kind of vascular aging as nonatherosclerotic vascular aging (NAVA).To maintain proper vascular function during NAVA, it is important to preserve intracellular signalling, prevent inflammation, and block the development of senescent cells.Pharmacologic interventions targeting these components are potential therapeutic approaches for NAVA, with a particular emphasis on inflammation and senescence.This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of vascular aging and explores potential pharmacotherapies that can improve the function of aged vasculature, focusing on NAVA. R ESUM ELa maladie cardiovasculaire isch emique et l'accident vasculaire c er ebral (AVC) figurent en tête des causes de morbidit e et de mortalit e à l' echelle mondiale.Lorsqu'une personne prend de l'âge, les m ecanismes protecteurs de l'organisme se d et eriorent graduellement, ce qui se solde par des changements fonctionnels, structuraux et morphologiques qui influent sur le système vasculaire.Étant donn e que des plaques d'ath eroscl erose n'accompagnent pas toujours ces modifications, nous employons le terme « vieillissement vasculaire non art erioscl ereux » (VVNA) lorsque nous parlons de ce type de vieillissement vasculaire.Afin de conserver une fonction vasculaire convenable durant le VVNA, il est important de pr eserver la signalisation intracellulaire, de pr evenir l'inflammation et d'inhiber la s enescence cellulaire.Les interventions pharmacologiques qui ciblent ces ph enomènes, en particulier l'inflammation et la s enescence, constituent des approches th erapeutiques possibles pour contrer le VVNA.Cette analyse pr esente un survol de la physiopathologie du vieillissement vasculaire et explore les pharmacoth erapies qui pourraient am eliorer la fonction du système vasculaire chez les personnes âg ees, en mettant l'accent sur le VVNA.Ischemic cardiovascular disease, characterised by myocardial infarction (MI) and angina pectoris, which can also lead to heart failure with decreased ejection fraction, along with ischemic stroke, remains a primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.1 While atherosclerosis and the derived arterial occlusion result in ischemia, it is important to acknowledge that nonocclusive arterial remodelling also contributes significantly to the development of ischemic conditions.This remodelling encompasses a range of factors, including endothelial dysfunction, microvascular disease, vasospasm, inflammation, and fibrosis, affecting both macroand microvessels.Notably, these conditions can also occur in the absence of atherosclerotic plaques, and develop intrinsically with increasing age independently from extrinsically acting cardiovascular risk factors.We here apply the term nonatherosclerotic vascular aging (NAVA)dthe new kid to be blockeddfor this remodelling process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".