A prospective study of amelioration of cognitive functions following alcohol abstinence in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background: Increased intake of alcohol causes changes in the cognitive process, affecting many important functions such as execution, recent memory, and visuospatial abilities. Sometimes changes imparted by alcohol use are irreversible. Aims and Objectives: The impairments caused by alcohol abuse are usually underdiagnosed even though they are moderate to severe. To this purpose, we studied the cognitive improvement on abstinence of alcohol use. Materials and Methods: The present study was done in 100 patients, whose diagnosis was made as per the International Classification of Disorders-10 as alcohol dependence syndrome. Patients were administered with the scales, the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SAD-Q), Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Postgraduate Inventory Battery of Brain Dysfunction (PGIBBD), Trail Making Test-B, Digit Span Test, and Digit Vigilance Test. The evaluation of patients was done after 2 weeks of the last alcohol intake and reassessed at the end of the 3 rd and 6 th months, scores were compared. Analysis of data was done by using mean and standard deviation for continuous variables. The categorical variables were presented as frequency and percentages, and the comparisons between the quantitative data were done by analysis of variance test. Results: The cognitive assessment revealed impairments in executive function, short-term verbal memory, recent memory, visuospatial abilities, visual recognition, and processing speed on initial evaluation, and all the values improved in 6 months of abstinence. Conclusions: In this study, we found, there was significant impairment in memory, executive function, processing speed, visuospatial and recognition skills, initially, and improvement in cognitive function in alcohol.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".