Social participation in adults with cerebral palsy: a systematic review of the evidence-base
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: To identify and synthesise the current evidence on social participation in adults with cerebral palsy (CP).Methods: Four databases (PubMed, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, Web of Science) were systematically searched between December 2021 and February 2022.Pre-specified eligibility criteria were applied to all identified studies resulting in the inclusion of 16 articles.Data extraction was performed using a standardised tool and quality appraisal was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.A narrative synthesis approach was taken for data analysis. Results:The 16 included studies were rated as high (n = 11) and medium quality (n = 5).Numbers of participants included in the studies ranged from 7 to 335.Definitions of social participation were discussed.Common themes were identified: the impact of home and work environments on social participation, the importance of age-appropriate support and interventions, and the impact of limited autonomy on social participation.Conclusions: Adults with CP experience limited social participation due to lack of appropriate support in childhood, issues across the lifespan including physical limitations when ageing, and factors such as societal expectations and inaccessible environments which limit opportunities for autonomy.Social participation may be improved by supporting families to provide opportunities in childhood, providing timely interventions, and by enhancing autonomy. h IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION• Considering the support needs of the wider family, in order to build a supportive family environment in childhood, could improve social participation opportunities for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) in adulthood.• Social participation in adulthood may be improved by encouraging independence and autonomy in childhood and adolescence.• Taking a lifespan approach to services for individuals with CP could improve social participation and better prepare them for the challenges of adulthood.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.039 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.012 | 0.013 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".