Bibliographic record
Abstract
I t is not an easy task to write an introduction to a volume that celebrates the life and career of John English.One of Canada's pre-eminent political historians over the past half-century, English also wrote extensively on international afairs, while engaging in politics both at the front of the parliamentary stage and in the backrooms where politics is really concocted.English is of course a Canadian Liberal, and the Canadian Liberal party is one of the longest-lived political formations on the planet.Te Liberal party was and is an omnibus formulation, embodying a rich variety of self-contradiction, and it is appropriate that a broad-minded and tolerant man like English should fnd a lifelong home in a party ofen and justly compared to a broad church, drawing its strength and longevity from its incoherence.While a party man, English has always reached "across the aisle, " as the Americans say, in writing and teaching, and in politics.He brought his political experience, but not his partisanship, into teaching and writing.Tough a Canadian nationalist, he is simultaneously an internationalist, which favours his work with realism and, ofen, pessimism.He even engaged in diplomacy himself at the end of the 1990s and could ruefully agree with Malcolm Muggeridge's characterization of a British diplomat as "forever Jeeves, to an increasingly demented Bertie Wooster."Jeeves cast an ironic eye on the world, as English does -on academia, on politics, on the waves of political and intellectual hysteria that engaged many of his colleagues over a long professional lifetime.He followed in his vii
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.698 | 0.655 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".