Correlation between prolonged menopausal hormonotherapy and indicators of vascular and replicative aging in women
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the impact of prolonged menopausal hormonotherapy (MHT) on women’s biological age indicators. Material and methods. The study included 25 women, who received MHT: 14 of them had timely menopause and 11 of them had premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). The criteria for inclusion of patients with menopause in the study were: age ≥50 years, menopause ≥5 years, MHT ≥5 years. The criteria for inclusion of patients with POI in the study were: age <40 years, POI eligibility, MHT ≥5 years. Control group consisted of women, who had not received MHT, and men: 14 women with timely menopause for more than 5 years, aged ≥50 years, and 11 women with continued menstruation, aged <40 years, 28 men aged ≥50 years and 11 men aged <40 years. The criteria for exclusion were: refusal to participate in the study, oncological disease in active phase or remission less than 5 years, the presence of cardiovascular diseases (except hypertension), morbid obesity. All patients were performed biochemical blood test, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and measured the length of telomere in peripheral mononuclear blood cells by amplification method. Results. The average telomere’s length in women, who had received MHT, was statistically significant less than in women, who had not taken MHT, as well as in men of appropriate age. Statistically significant differences by the telomeres’ length in men and women, who had not received MHT, was not found. Correlation analysis of telomeres’ length with the age of women and menopause duration revealed the significant negative moderate correlations: R= –0.365, p=0.022 and R= –0.319, p=0.047 respectively. PWV, as a marker of artery rigidity, did not differ between groups. The average telomeres’ length in young men was comparable to the telomeres’ length in healthy women and women with POI, who had received MHT. PWV also did not differ between groups of young patients. The average glucose level was lower and the average high density lipoproteins were higher in women taking MHT. The regression analysis based on multiple confounders (age of women and duration of MHT) in the group of postmenopausal women found that the main factor associated with telomeres’ length was MHT. Conclusion. This study demonstrates a direct negative correlation between telomeres’ length and age of patients, and the absence of sex dependence. The protective role of menopausal hormonotherapy in women relating to telomeres’ length and rigidity of magistral arteries has not been proved, but menopausal hormonotherapy is associated with more favorable metabolic profile in women with timely menopause. Longitudinal studies in parallel groups are necessary to determine the role of menopausal hormonotherapy in related to replicative aging.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it