Policy: From Ideas to Implementation Essays in Honour of Professor G. Bruce Doern
Bibliographic record
Abstract
said of Marshall that he "made important contributions" to his discipline's conceptual framework, although "his theoretical innovations are perhaps not as widely acknowledged as they should be because he has not presented his analytic framework as part of a general theory.This reflects a deliberate choice." 1 This observation applies with equal force to Bruce Doern's contributions to Canadian and international public policy scholarship.Doern developed numerous conceptual innovations, none more so than the continuum of governing instruments, a middle range theory of policy and decision making at the collective cabinet, always linking theoretical propositions to the empirical specifics of ideas, institutional structures, programs, budgets, and policy actors.His 2007 book on regulation is the most recent example of conceptual innovation built on solid empirical analysis.His scepticism about abstract rationalism and general social theories and his insistence on the inevitable association between ends and means in democratic politics give his approach to governance a compatibility with critical social theories of the state and thus an enduring contribution to Canadian and international public policy and administration.Doern's approach to the systematic study of policy is reflected in Karl Mannheim's belief that "The only thing we can demand of politics as a science is that it see reality with the eyes of acting human beings, and that it teach men [and women], in action, to understand even their opponents in the light of their actual motives and their position in the historical-social situation." 2 As regards the place of
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.012 | 0.025 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.018 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.008 | 0.014 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".