“The cake is in Accra”: a case study on internal migration in Ghana
Bibliographic record
Abstract
What are the motivations for internal migration, and how do social relations influence the migration process?In answering these questions, this paper focuses on internal migration to Accra, the capital of Ghana.Qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 migrants in different areas of the city and analysed using narrative analysis.We found that livelihood and lifestyle dimensions work in tandem as motivations for migration.While the main reasons for moving to Accra, according to the interviewees, are related to livelihood, they are reflected and performed in culturally bound lifestyles.Furthermore, while social relations are rarely the main motivator to migrate, the social networks of migrants constitute an important enabling (or disabling) factor in shaping both livelihood and lifestyle dimensions of the migration process.Finally, we found that different tiesincluding emotional and economichave different meanings across the migrants' social network throughout the migration process. RÉSUMÉQuelles sont les motivations de la migration interne et comment les relations sociales influencent-elles le processus de migration ?Pour répondre à ces questions, le présent document se concentre sur les migrations internes à Accra, la capitale du Ghana.Des entretiens qualitatifs ont été conduits avec vingt migrants dans différents quartiers de la ville et examinés à l'aide de la méthode d'analyse narrative.Nous avons constaté que les dimensions liées aux moyens de subsistance et aux modes de vie vont de pair pour motiver la migration.Si, selon les personnes interrogées, les principales raisons de s'installer à Accra sont liées aux moyens de subsistance, elles se reflètent et se concrétisent dans des modes de vie liés à la culture.En outre, si les relations sociales sont rarement la motivation principale pour émigrer, les réseaux sociaux des migrants constituent un important facteur de facilitation (et d'invalidation) dans la détermination des dimensions du processus migratoire liées aux moyens de subsistance.Enfin, nous avons constaté que les différents liens -
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".