Asymmetric electrode design with built‐in nitrogen transfer channel achieving maximized three‐phase reaction region for electrochemical ammonia synthesis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Carbon‐free electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is an appealing strategy for green ammonia synthesis, but there is still a significant performance bottleneck. Conventional working electrode is usually flooded by the electrolyte during the NRR test, and only the surface material could get access to the nitrogen, which inevitably gives rise to sluggish reaction rate. Herein, an asymmetric electrode design is proposed to tackle this challenge. An aerophilic layer is constructed on one face of the electrocatalyst‐loaded electrode, while the other side maintains its original structure, aiming to achieve facilitated nitrogen transfer and electrolyte permeation within the conductive skeleton simultaneously. This asymmetric architecture affords extensive three‐phase reaction region within the electrode as demonstrated by the combination of theoretical simulations and experimental measurements, which gives full play to the loaded electrocatalyst. As expected, the proof‐of‐concept asymmetric electrode delivers an NH 3 yield rate of 40.81 μg h −1 mg −1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 71.71% at −0.3 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode, which are more than 4 and 7 times that of conventional electrode, respectively. This work presents a versatile strategy for enhancing the interfacial reaction kinetics and is instructive to electrode design for gas‐involved electrochemical reactions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".