Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this book we pursue an elusive, yet persistent, area of public policy in which Canadian planners have been practising and excelling for six decades.In rural and urban regions alike, this country's regional planning has been both innovative and diverse, tackling, among other problems, urban sprawl, regional economic disparities, and environmental conservation.Canadian regional planning has not always been effective nor has it always had the political support required to carry out its mandate.Yet, inconstant as its unfolding has been, regional planning has emerged time and again in Canada as the best perspective from which to approach extra-municipal problems as well as subprovincial and subnational dilemmas.Regional planning in Canada has evolved over the years in response to new spatial situations that now confront us, such as the emerging city-regions and the demand for sustainable development.Regional planning has been "irrepressible" in Canada, just as a British colleague, Urlan Wannop, found it to be in Europe.Only a few countries have more experience with regional planning than does Canada, and these only by little more than a decade.Despite its persistence, regional planning experience in Canada has never been collated, much less evaluated.This field, in which both of us have practised and taught for most of our professional lives, needs to be examined, its essentials identified, and its directions (both past and present) illuminated, not least because of new cultural and political challenges already facing nations, regions, and communities.This is the task we set for ourselves.Such a task, almost by definition, required more than our own personal resources and knowledge, and we want to acknowledge those who, often inadvertently and sometimes more extensively than they had anticipated, joined us in this task.They have enriched its outcome.We were helped immensely by regional planners across the country: Hugh Kellas of the Greater Vancouver Regional District, Richard Scott of the National Capital Commission in Ottawa,
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.416 | 0.250 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".