Impact of Diabetic Neuropathy on Ankle Dorsiflexion in Older Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is increasing among the population. If early diagnosis and treatment can be done, complications can be reduced. Although there are studies evaluating the impact of diabetes on joint motion, there are limited studies examining the ankle range of motion and its correlation with duration or severity of diabetic neuropathy symptoms. This study aims to examine the impact of diabetic neuropathy on angle of ankle dorsiflexion and it’s correlation with duration or severity of diabetic neuropathy symptoms Methods: Descriptive study in Government medical college, Thoothukudi. 72 patients attending the outpatient department of Medicine and Neuromedicine of a tertiary care hospital, ranging from 40 to 75 years were included in the study out of which 36 were diabetic with symptoms of diabetic neuropathy and 36 were non-diabetic. Ankle range of motion was measured using goniometer. Severity of neuropathy assessed using Toronto Clinical Neuropathy score and duration of diabetic neuropathy symptoms recorded. Results: Mean Age (Diabetic group) 59.28±8.06 Vs 56.08±10.16 (Non-Diabetic group). Proportion of patients with decreased angle of dorsiflexion among the patients with diabetic neuropathy (77.8%) was significantly higher than non-diabetic patients (47.2%) (Z=4.52;p<0.0001). Chi-square (2χ) test showed that there was significantassociation between severity of diabetic neuropathy and angle of dorsiflexion (in degree) of the patients with diabetic neuropathy (p<0.0001). Angle of dorsiflexion decreased significantly with severity of diabetic neuropathy. Pearson correlation co-efficient showed that there was significant negative correlation between duration of diabetic neuropathy and angle of dorsiflexion (r=-0.61;p<0.001). Thus with the increase in duration of diabetic neuropathy angle of dorsiflexion decreased significantly.Conclusions: It was found that the angle of ankle dorsiflexion was lower in diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients It was also concluded that the duration of diabetic neuropathy and severity of sensory symptoms have an inverse relationship with ankle range of motion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".