Bibliographic record
Abstract
The conclusion of a free trade agreement between Canada and the United States stands as one of the premier events in the twentieth-century history of Canada.The agreement represented the end-point of a course of deliberations between the two countries, and within the two, on eliminating barriers to trade stretching back into the last century to a time when Canada was not yet a nation.At various times the concept found warm support in one country or the other, and at others it was strongly opposed.For Canada, the less powerful of the two countries, negotiations on free trade evoked both attraction and fear.Favourable access to the world's most affluent market was an attractive prospect, but underneath lay a nagging fear that more extensive commercial links might put Canadian political independence at risk.It was obvious from their very beginnings, that the negotiations would occasion a great national debate.Business, labour, churches, women's groups, native peoples, universities, and many other Canadians all made their views known, some in strident and even exaggerated tones.Whatever the stands taken, all agreed that the free-trade agreement would have a major and enduring impact on Canada and Canadian society.Decision at Midnight was written by public servants who played a direct role in the negotiations and who were present during the great events which attended their launch, their conduct, and their conclusion.With full respect for the rules of cabinet secrecy and the confidentiality of official advice to ministers, the authors have crafted an exciting, yet thoughtful, account of the negotiations.The book reaches beyond a specialist audience and should appeal to a broad spectrum, specialist and non-specialist alike.It is refreshingly free of jargon and the turgid drafting so beloved in governments and large corporations.The magnitude of the issues involved, particularly in Canada, lured thousands into the unfolding of events.In addition to the prime minister and president, their cabinets, premiers, MPs, senators and congressmen, and the hundreds of officials who backed them up, academics, businessmen, reporters, and a wide range of opponents and critics march across the pages of Decision at Midnight.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.732 | 0.700 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".