Biocompatible surfaces for biomedical devices base on the intermediate water concept
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Water molecules play a crucial role in bio-interfacial interactions, including protein adsorption/desorption and cell adhesion behavior. To understand the role of water in the interaction of proteins and cells at biological interfaces, it is important to compare the states of hydration water with various physicochemical properties of hydrated polymeric biomaterials. Herein, we present the fundamental concepts for determining the interactions of proteins and cells with hydrated polymers along with selected examples corresponding to our recent studies, for example, poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA), PMEA derivatives, zwitterionic polymers, poly(ethylene glycol), poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrroridone), and poly(2-oxazoline)s, and other polymers including biopolymers (DNA, RNA, proteins, and polysaccharides). The states of water were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, in situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, soft X-ray emission spectroscopy, surface force measurements, and wide variety of analytical techniques. We found that intermediate water which is loosely bound to a polymer, is a useful indicator of the biocompatibility of polymer surfaces. This finding on intermediate water provides novel insights and helps develop novel experimental models for understanding protein adsorption/cell adhesion in a wide range of polymers, such as those used in biomedical applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".