Biomechanical properties of the aortic root are distinct from those of the ascending aorta in both normal and aneurysmal states
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Although aneurysms of the ascending aorta and the aortic root are treated similarly in clinical guidelines, how biomechanical properties differ between these 2 segments of aorta is poorly defined.Methods: Biomechanical testing was performed on tissue collected from the aortic root (normal 11, aneurysm 51) and the ascending aorta (normal 21, aneurysm 76).Energy loss, tangent modulus of elasticity, and delamination strength were evaluated.These biomechanical properties were then compared between (1) normal ascending and normal root tissue, (2) normal and aneurysmal root tissue, (3) normal and aneurysmal ascending tissue, and (4) aneurysmal root and aneurysmal ascending tissue.Propensity score matching was performed to further compare aneurysmal root and aneurysmal ascending aortic tissue.Clinical and biomechanical variables associated with decreased delamination strength in the aortic root were evaluated. Results:The normal aortic root demonstrated greater viscoelastic behavior (energy loss 0.08 [0.06, 0.10] vs 0.05 [0.04, 0.06], P .008),and greater resistance against delamination (93 [58, 126] mN/mm vs 54 [40, 63] mN/mm, P .05)compared with the ascending aorta.Delamination strength was significantly reduced in aneurysms in both the root and the ascending aorta compared with their normal states.Aneurysms of the aortic root matched to the ascending aortic aneurysms in terms of baseline characteristics including size, were characterized by a larger decrease in delamination strength from baseline (D 59 mN/mm vs D 24 mN/mm).Aging (P .003)and the presence of hypertension (P .02)were associated with weakening of the aortic root, while diameter did not have this association (P .29). Conclusions:The normal aortic root was found to have distinct biomechanical properties compared with the ascending aorta.When aneurysms form in the aortic root, there is less strength against delamination, without other biomechanical changes such as increased energy loss observed in aneurysmal ascending aortas.Age and hypertension were associated decreased aortic wall strength in the aortic root, whereas diameter had no such association.(JTCVS Open 2023;16:38-47)
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it