The Caddisflies (Trichoptera) of Drummond Island, Michigan, With an Assessment of Lake Assemblage Biomass
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The adult caddisfly assemblages of Drummond Island, a Michigan island in Lake Huron near the Canadian border, were sampled in 2021–2022 from 3 sites on Lake Huron, 8 inland lakes, 2 vernal pools, and 1 stream. Adult caddisflies from each site were sampled in spring, summer, and autumn using ultraviolet blacklight traps. A total of 89 species representing 37 genera and 12 families was collected, including several not seen in Michigan for 50–70 years and the first confirmation of the rare species Beothukus complicatus (Banks) (Phryganeidae) from the state. A non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination determined distinct species assemblages between lakes, vernal pools, and the stream, but no difference between inland lakes and Lake Huron sites. Based on total organic biomass, all 4 habitat types were dominated (60–90%) by shredders, particularly those in the family Phryganeidae. Total species richness was lower on Drummond Island than within other Michigan areas where rigorous recent sampling has occurred, possibly due to it being an isolated island. This study provides some of the first data on the caddisfly assemblages of undisturbed lakes in a Nearctic temperate environment and demonstrates the importance of caddisfly shredders in lake habitats.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".