The first report of macrocyclic lactone resistant cyathostomins in the United Kingdom
Bibliographic record
Abstract
9 (range 2-100), respectively.Median stocking density was significantly lower for Thoroughbreds, 0.20 total mares/acre (IQR 0.13-0.32;n = 23), compared to Warmbloods, 0.63 (IQR 0.13-0.75;n = 17).32.1% never 'poo picked' their pastures, 89.3% harrowed paddocks and 57.1% co-grazed pastures with ruminants.35.7% reported parasite associated illness in the past 12 months, most commonly weight loss (65%), diarrhoea (40.0%) and colic (15%).Youngstock (1-3 years) were reportedly most affected by parasites 47.7% (21/44) followed by weanlings (27.3%) and foals (20,5%).Faecal egg counts (FEC), veterinary advice and previous experience were considered very important factors in anthelmintic choice by 64.3%, 56.4% and 50.0% of respondents respectively.26.8% reported anthelmintic resistance on their properties but there was no association with reported illness ( p = 0.1).61.8% (34/55) of farms wormed foals regularly, 49.1% every 2 months, regardless of FEC.Where veterinary advice was 'very important' 45.2% (14/31) respondents used moxidectin and praziquantel as their first line anthelmintic and 9 farms reported moxidectin use in foals. Main limitations: Potential selection bias.Conclusions: This survey has identified areas where management practices could be improved, enabling veterinary surgeons to better target advice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".