Effects of Rapid-heating and/or High-pressure Conditions on Coke Making, Examined Using a Synthetic Model Compound
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated the mechanisms by which rapid-heating and/or high-pressure conditions can improve the thermal fluidity of coal, using a synthetic compound as a model for low-molecular weight (Mw) compounds in coal. The compound had one quinoline ring and two naphthalene rings, C36H33N, Mw of 479, and a boiling point (bp) of ~520°C. Rapid heating (> 10°C/min) overcame the evaporation rate of the compound, whereas high pressure (> 1 MPa) increased the bp and suppressed the pyrolysis reaction. These conditions allowed the compound to remain until temperatures > 400°C, although it completely evaporated at 370°C under general heating conditions in a coke oven (3°C/min and 0.1 MPa). The effects of increasing the heating rate from 3 to 10°C/min at 0.1 MPa corresponded to the effects of increasing the pressure from 0.1 to 1.0 MPa at 3°C/min. The compound remaining at temperatures > 370°C can act as a mobile phase and hydrogen donor, thereby increasing the fluidity of coal. It can also serve as a reactant in the coking reaction and increase the coke yield.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".