Is the radiological stage of knee osteoarthritis associated with the risk of obstructive sleep apnea or insomnia severity?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Aim was to investigate the relationship between knee osteoarthritis severity and obstructive sleep apnea risk and insomnia severity Methods: A total of 127 patients with knee osteoarthritis were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. The relationship between Kellgren-Lawrence classification, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index score, Berlin questionnaire score, Insomnia Severity Index score, age, sex, and body-mass index was evaluated with univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: The mean age of the radiological stage 1 group was significantly lower compared to the other group (p<0.001). 84.3% of all patients were female, and there was no significant sex difference between the groups (p=0.327). The median WOMAC scores of the stage 2, 3 and 4 groups were significantly higher than that of the stage 1 group (p<0.001). The median WOMAC pain subscore of the stage 3 and 4 groups were significantly higher than that of the stage 2 and the stage 1 group (p<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that high BMI (p=0.005) was the only factor independently associated with greater OSA risk. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that sex (p=0.008) and WOMAC score (p=0.001) were independently associated with greater insomnia severity. Conclusions: In multivariable analysis, high BMI was determined as the only independent risk factor associated with higher OSA likelihood, while advanced age and high WOMAC total score were determined as independent risk factors for greater insomnia severity. The WOMAC score can be used to predict the severity of osteoarthritis and insomnia, and could be valuable for management.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".