Modular Cluster Circuits for the Variational Quantum Eigensolver
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The variational quantum eigensolver algorithm recently became a popular method to compute the quantum chemical properties of molecules on noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. In order to avoid noise accumulation from the NISQ device in the quantum circuit, it is important to keep the so-called quantum depth of the circuit at a minimum, defined as the minimum number of quantum gates that must be operated sequentially. In the present work, we introduce a modular 2-qubit cluster circuit that allows for the design of a shallow-depth quantum circuit compared to previously proposed architectures without loss of chemical accuracy. Moreover, by virtue of the simplicity of the cluster circuit, it is possible to assign a valence bond chemical interpretation to the cluster circuit. The design was tested on the H 2, (H 2 ) 2, and LiH molecules, as well as the finite-size transverse-field Ising model, as the latter provides additional insights into the construction of the circuit in a resonating valence bond picture.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".