Functional Outcome of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid Injection in Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Osteoarthritis/Osteoarthrosis (OA) defines an idiopathic, slowly progressive disease of the diarthrodial (synovial)joints. Intra-articular - Hyaluronic acid has been proposed to have many therapeutic mechanisms of action in the OA knee,including shock absorption, joint lubrication, anti-inflammatory effects, chondroprotection, proteoglycan synthesis, and cartilagematrix alterations. Thirty-six patients were selected for the proposed study based on eligibility criteria, study period, andfeasibility. Patients with clinical symptoms of osteoarthritis were screened based on inclusion (grades 1 and 2) and exclusioncriteria (previous history of trauma). Patients with grade I or II Osteoarthritis based on Kellegren & Lawrence grading weretaken up for the study. After obtaining informed consent, a structured interview schedule was administered to obtaininformation on their background characteristics and clinical and functional outcome of Osteoarthritis using VAS (Visual AnalogueScale) and WOMAC (The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) tools. Following this, theintervention was done. All the patients were given a single injection(6ml) of high molecular weight Hyaluronic acid. This studywas done to verify safety and feasibility. Our findings suggest that intra-articular hyaluronic acid is safe for use with kneeosteoarthritis. While local and minor adverse events related to hyaluronic acid injection occurred, all symptoms disappearedwithin 48 hours.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".