Equilibrium and Non‐equilibrium Reaction Schemes for Prebiotic Polymerization of Ribonucleotides
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The RNA World theory for the origin of life requires polymers to be generated initially by abiotic reactions. Experiments have studied polymerization of 5′‐monophosphates, 2′,3′‐cyclic phosphates, and 5′‐triphosphates. We consider theoretical models of polymerization in solution illustrating the differences between these cases. We consider (i) a basic model where all monomers undergo reversible joining and breaking; (ii) a model where 2′,3′‐cyclic phosphates can join, and breaking regenerates the cyclic phosphate; (iii) a model where 5′‐triphosphates can join irreversibly, in addition to the joining and breaking of 2′,3′‐cyclic phosphates. In cases (i) and (ii) there is an equilibrium steady state with balance between making and breaking bonds. In case (iii) there is a circular reaction flux in which monomers are activated by an external phosphate source, activated monomers form polymers, and polymers break to release non‐activated monomers. The mean length can be calculated as a function of concentration. In case (iii), the mean length switches from a low‐concentration regime controlled by the 5′‐triphosphates to a high‐concentration regime controlled by the 2′,3′‐cyclic phosphates. The circular reaction flux is reminiscent of a metabolism. If formation of 5’‐triphosphates was already in place for RNA synthesis, ATP could subsequently been coopted for metabolism.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it