Hydrogen production by steam reforming of fusel oil over nickel deposited on pyrolyzed rice husk supports
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fusel oil is mixed alcohol as a by-product of ethanol production, and it can be used as a cheap and renewable source to produce Hydrogen (H2) via steam reforming. Silicon carbide (SiC) was successfully synthesized by pyrolysis of rice husk at different temperatures (1300, 1500, and 1700 °C) and was used as a support for a nickel (Ni) catalyst in steam reforming of fusel oil. The results exhibited pyrolysis temperature had a significant effect on the structure and crystalline phase of SiC, where pyrolysis of rice husk over 1500 °C resulted in the formation of a rod structure and β-SiC phase. The surface area of pyrolyzed rice husk was obtained for 19, 64, and 25 m2/g at pyrolysis temperatures of 1300, 1500, and 1700 °C, respectively. The performance of the Ni on the pyrolyzed rice husk support on steam reforming of fusel oil (SRF) was investigated at 700 °C and compared with Ni on commercial SiC. The Ni/SiC1500 exhibited the highest catalytic performance, and its activity remained almost constant during a 300 min stability test. The H2 yield produced from the Ni/SiC1500 was 29% after 180 min and remained stable because the unique rod structure and β-SiC phase reduced carbon formation, thus giving an excellent performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".