A Novel Antenna Array with a User Flexible Metasurface
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper is completed in two phases. The first phase includes the designing of the novel single element microstrip patch antenna. Operation of this single element antenna happens in three frequency bands presenting its multiband characteristics. The applications of the antenna extend to the sectors of meteorological satellites and earth exploration satellites in X-Band; radar and satellite communication in K-Band; radar communication along with 5G communication in Ka-Band. The issue with the single element antenna is its low gain. To solve this concern, the single element antenna is converted into a two-element antenna array which plays a necessary role to improve the gain by a huge amount. When a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) as well as a Normal Metasurface (without rotation of unit cells) is implemented along with the designed novel antenna array, a gain as high as 11.16 dBi is achieved. The second phase of the paper involves creating a novel User Flexible Metasurface. This metasurface is designed using circular unit cells. The orientation of these unit cells is changed by turning the unit cells in a circular direction along their circular axis at different angles and the gain is studied for each of these arrangements. These various unique orientations provide better gain as compared to the normal existing metasurface (without rotation of unit cells). After all these simulations, a novel empirical formula has also been designed for comparison between the theoretical (calculated) gain as well as simulated gain.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".