Maternal And Fetal Cardiovascular Responses To Acute High-intensity Interval And Moderate-intensity Continuous Training Exercise
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To compare maternal and fetal cardiovascular responses to an acute bout of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) during pregnancy. METHODS: Fifteen females with a singleton pregnancy (27.3 ± 3.5 weeks of gestation, 33 ± 4 years of age) were recruited. Following a peak fitness test, participants engaged in a session of HIIT (10 x 1 min intervals >90% maximum heart rate [HRmax]) interspersed with 1 min of active recovery) and MICT (30 min at 64-76% HRmax) 48-h apart in random order. Maternal heart HR, blood pressure, middle (MCAv) and posterior cerebral artery blood velocity (PCAv), as well as respiratory measures were monitored continuously throughout HIIT/MICT. Fetal HR, as well as umbilical systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio, resistive index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) were assessed immediately before and after exercise. RESULTS: Average maternal HR was higher for HIIT (82 ± 5% HRmax) compared to MICT (74 ± 4% HRmax; P < 0.001). During the HIIT session, participants achieved a peak HR of 96 ± 5% HRmax (range of 87-105% HRmax). Maternal cerebral blood velocities increased with exercise but was not different between HIIT and MICT for MCAv (P = 0.340) and PCAv (P = 0.142). Fetal HR increased during exercise (P = 0.244) but was not different between sessions (HIIT: Δ + 14 ± 7 bpm; MICT: Δ + 10 ± 10 bpm). Metrics of umbilical blood flow decreased with exercise and were not different between exercise sessions (PI: P = 0.707; S/D ratio: P = 0.671; RI: P = 0.792). Fetal bradycardia was not observed, and S/D ratio, RI, PI remained within normal ranges both before and immediately after all exercise sessions. CONCLUSION: HIIT consisting of repeated 1-min near maximal to maximal exertions is well tolerated by both mother and fetus. SUPPORTED BY: the NSERC (Grant RGPIN-07219), Christenson Professorship in Healthy Active Living, a HSFC/Improving Heart Health for Women Award, and a National and Alberta HSFC New Investigator Award.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".