Achievement Of The ABC Target Among Canadians With Type 2 Diabetes: Data From The CHMS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Achieving the three therapeutics targets, known as ABC (A1c ≤ 7.0%, LDL-C < 2.0 mmol/L, and resting BP < 130/80 mmHg), limiting sedentary behaviors as well as increasing time spent performing moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity, reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes individuals (T2D). However, more recent data regarding the achievement of ABC in Canada is needed as well as how sedentary behaviors and physical activity levels can influence its achievement. PURPOSE: To update the prevalence trends of people meeting ABC and to determine the impact of sedentary behaviors and physical activity levels. METHODS: Analyses were performed by using a total of 17,582 individuals (18-79 years) from the 2007-2017 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Sample weight was used to adjust the unequal probability of being selected in the sample. The ABC was calculated based on the achievement of three therapeutic targets. Sedentary behaviors and physical activity levels were estimated using an accelerometer for a total of 7 consecutive days and quartiles of physical activity were used to categorize individuals. RESULTS: The achievement of ABC went from 11.5 [11.5-11.6] % in 2007 to 14.8 [14.8-14.9] % in 2017. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels were positively but weakly correlated to the achievement of the ABC (r = 0.044; p = 0.001), while sedentary time and light physical activity were not (r < -0.014; p > 0.266). Only 8.8% of individuals with the lowest level of MVPA (Q1: < 68 min/wk) reached the ABC while 15.1% of the most active individuals (Q4: >263 min/week) reached the triple target. Linear regression analysis showed that MVPA levels significantly explained ABC components, but the proportion of the variance explained for each component was low (adjusted R2 ≤ 0.015). By including recognized influencing factors (age, BMI, and medication: antihypertensives, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic agent) a greater proportion of the variance was explained, especially for A1c (adjusted R2 = 0.41). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the achievement of the ABC, cardiovascular risk management is slowly improving in Canada. Even though BMI and medication use are important contributing factors, physically active individuals are more likely to reach the ABC target. Supported by Statistics Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".