Alterations In Pulsewave Velocity During Valsalvamaneuversfollowing A Resistance Training Session
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When assessing baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) researchers ideally obtain muscle sympathetic nerve activity simultaneous to arterial blood pressure and R-R interval data, however microneurography is technically difficult to obtain. Pulsewave velocity (PWV) can be determined throughout autonomic manipulations like the Valsalva maneuver (VM) since arterial pressure is usually obtained by photoplethysmography at the finger. Whether PWV displays a response that can provide a surrogate estimate of sympathetic nervous system activity remains to be determined. PURPOSE: To determine whether PWV is altered during VMs used to assess BRS before and after a bout of resistance exercise. METHODS: Nine healthy participants completed a resistance exercise bout lasting 1 hour involving 8 exercises (3 sets, 10 repetitions to failure). BRS was determined from continuous arterial blood pressure, and ECG during a series of 6-10 Valsalva maneuvers (VM) completed before, immediately after, and 1 hour after the bout of exercise. We determined upper limb pulsewave velocity beat-by-beat using the R-wave of the ECG and the foot of the finger photoplethysmography waveform. A 2-way repeated measures ANOVA with time (Pre, Post, 1H Post) and phase (rest, Valsalva, recovery) factors was used to assess differences. RESULTS: Alterations in PWV depended on the time and phase of the VM (p < 0.01 Time x Phase interaction) with PWV decreasing significantly after the bout of resistance exercise when determined at rest before the VMs (6.30 ± 0.80 m/s, p = 0.02) and when determined during the VM itself (6.24 ± 1.00 m/s, p = 0.05). However, PWV returned to values not different from all other measures by the recovery phase of the VM (7.08 ± 1.38 m/s, p = 0.52). All other time and phases were not significantly different (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Similar to previous findings resistance exercise acutely reduced upper limb PWV and this returned to resting values by an hour of recovery. However, when each VM was performed immediately after resistance exercise bout PWV increased and was likely related to enhanced sympathetic nervous system activity that overcame the functional sympatholysis. Future assessments of PWV during the VM may benefit from modelling the kinetic response. Funding was provided by the Canada Foundation for Innovation John R Evans Leaders Fund.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".