Postprandial Plasma Amino Acid And Appetite Responses To Plant-Blend Protein Ingestion In Healthy Young Adults.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: The muscle anabolic response to most plant-derived proteins is inferior to that of animal-derived proteins, due to a lower content and specific deficiencies of essential amino acids (EAA). Plant protein blends with complementary amino acid profiles may augment postprandial aminoacidemia, which could have potential implications for appetite regulation. This study assessed postprandial plasma amino acid and ghrelin concentrations, and subjective appetite ratings following ingestion of a pea-rice protein blend, compared with pea-only and whey protein. METHODS: In a randomised, double-blind, crossover design, 11 healthy adults (M n = 5, F n = 6; Mean ± SD age: 22 ± 3 years; BMI: 23 ± 3 kg/m2) ingested 0.3 g·kg-1·mass-1 of pea-rice blend, pea protein or whey protein (25 ± 6 g of protein for all). Arterialised blood samples were collected in the fasted state and over 240-min postprandially. Plasma concentrations of amino acids and ghrelin were assessed via ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and ELISA, respectively. Subjective appetite ratings over 240-min were measured via Visual Analogue Scales. Time-dependent and -independent variables were analysed via mixed-effects models. RESULTS: Mean plasma EAA incremental area the under curve (iAUC) was higher in Whey, compared to Pea (p < 0.01; mean diff (95% CI): 44218 (15806 to 72631) au) and Blend (p < 0.01; 14358 (16031 to 101121) au), with no differences between Pea and Blend (p = 0.67). Plasma leucine iAUC was also higher in Whey compared to Pea (p < 0.01; 10034 (4940 to 15128) au) and Blend (p < 0.01; 12454 (5856 to 19053) au), with no differences between Pea and Blend (p = 0.52). Plasma total, and non-essential amino acid iAUCs were not different between treatments (all p > 0.05). Plasma ghrelin, and subjective ratings of thirst, hunger and fullness were transiently altered after protein ingestion, with no differences between treatments (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: In healthy adults, ingestion of the pea-rice protein blend did not augment postprandial aminoacidemia above pea protein. No between-trial differences in indices of appetite regulation were apparent despite differences in plasma aminoacidemia between Whey vs. Blend and Pea, suggesting that protein-induced satiety may be independent of amino acid bioavailability.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".