IDENTIFICATION OF CHANGES CAUSED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE POLISH LABOUR MARKET
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic may have catalysed significant changes in the Polish economy and labour market. During the previous decade, the prosperity of the Polish labour market had clearly improved, as illustrated by data on falling unemployment rates, rising employment and wages. The author's main objective is to identify the key changes caused by the pandemic crisis. To this end, a main hypothesis and three specific hypotheses were adopted, which are based on regularities derived from previous economic crises. The hypotheses were verified by relying on a detailed analysis of international and national databases. Based on the analysis, it has been assessed that a deviation from the labour market trends of the 2010-2019 decade as a result of the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a profound change, but its nature should be assessed as short-term and visible mainly in the second quarter of 2020. During the post-collapse recovery period, which can be dated from Q2 2021 onwards, the trends in the Polish labour market increasingly approximated the pre-pandemic trends, both in terms of supply and demand.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".