Effects of exercise prehabilitation on muscle atrophy and contractile properties in hindlimb‐unloaded rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Introduction/Aims Effective strategies for rapid recovery after surgery are needed. Therefore, we investigated the effects of exercise prehabilitation (EP) and hindlimb unloading (HU) on muscle loss and contractility. Methods Twenty‐two Sprague–Dawley rats (12 wk old) were divided into normal control (NCON, n = 5), hindlimb unloading control (HCON, n = 10), and exercise prehabilitation followed by hindlimb unloading (Ex‐preH, n = 7) groups. Ex‐PreH performed exercise training for 14 days before hindlimb unloading for 14 days. Body composition was evaluated, along with muscle strength and function. The soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle contractile properties were analyzed at the whole‐muscle level. The titin concentration and myosin heavy chain (MHC) type composition were analyzed. Results There were no effects of Ex‐preH on total mass, lean mass, or muscle weight. Physical function was significantly higher in the Ex‐preH group than in the HCON group (39.5° vs. 35.7°). The SOL twitch force (19.6 vs. 7.1 mN/m 2 ) and specific force (107.3 vs. 61.2 mN/m 2 ) were greater in Ex‐preH group than in HCON group. EDL shortening velocity was higher in Ex‐preH group than in HCON group (13.2 vs. 5.0 FL/s). The SOL full‐length titin level was higher in Ex‐preH group than in HCON group. Discussion Exercise prehabilitation did not prevent muscle mass loss followed by muscle wasting, although it minimized the reduction of physical function. Therefore, exercise prehabilitation should be considered for rapid functional recovery after disuse due to surgery and injuries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".