Validation of Version 1.3 Ozone Measured by the SOFIE Instrument
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment (SOFIE) has operated aboard the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) satellite since 2007. SOFIE uses solar occultation to retrieve ozone (O 3 ) profiles from ∼20 to 100 km altitude, typically at polar latitudes. This study validates SOFIE O 3 profiles, including error analysis and comparisons with independent observations. Comparisons are made to the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE‐FTS) and the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) satellite instruments. SOFIE shows qualitative and quantitative agreement with both data sets between 30 and 70 km and better overall agreement in the northern hemisphere. SOFIE and ACE mean differences are typically within 20% in the 30–70 km altitude range. SOFIE and MIPAS exhibit mean difference values within 30% in the winter and 20% for all other seasons averaged, between ∼30 and 60 km. Seasonal comparisons indicate similar variations in both hemispheres and through all seasons. The comparisons indicate that SOFIE is biased 5%–10% low at 30–70 km altitudes, with greater differences at higher and lower altitudes. The comparisons are challenging due to the low O 3 concentrations at high altitudes, the limited number of coincidences, and the large diurnal variation in mesospheric O 3 during twilight hours.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".