N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organic Dyes Derived from 2,4,5,6-tetra(9H-Carbazol-9-yl)isophthalonitrile (4CzIPN) Bonded to TiO<sub>2</sub> Surfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A high-yield route to N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) derivatives of 2,4,5,6-tetra(9 H -carbazol-9-yl)benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile (4CzIPN) is reported. The NHC-dye was studied in solution by NMR, infrared- and UV–vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and photoluminescence. The NHC group bonds to the surface of TiO 2 forming a semiconductor/chromophore system that was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, XPS, infrared and UV–vis spectroscopy as well as photoluminescence. The bonding between the NHC group and TiO 2 is quite stable towards the photooxidation of sacrificial electron donors under alkaline conditions without applying any protective layers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".