RETRACTED: Environmental and Economic Benefits of Closed-Loop Supply Chains: A Case Study of Recycling and Re-manufacturing of Materials and Components
Post-publication record
Source: Retraction Watch, joined by DOI. OpenAlex records retraction as is_retracted, a boolean over a state space with at least four values, so it cannot express an expression of concern, a correction or a reinstatement; it reports them as false, which reads as “fine”.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Publisher has been made aware of ethical breaches affecting this proceeding published in E3S Web of Conferences, Volume 430 (2023) . These instances involve a specific author, K.K. Saxena who used citation manipulation and inappropriate references in 47 articles, for a total of 310 citations. We are extremely concerned by such malpractice which considerably impacts the image of our title and our Publisher’s reputation. See our publishing ethics policies . The Guest Editor of the proceedings volume endorsed the Publisher's decision to retract these articles. Web of Conferences is extremely grateful to the whistleblower for bringing this case to our attention. See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 430, 00002 (2023), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202443000002
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.032 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.011 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".