A - 63 Neuropsychiatric and Cognitive Correlates of Pareidolias in Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Objective Pareidolias represent visual illusions of meaningful objects in ambiguous stimuli. Prior research has demonstrated phenomenological similarities between pareidolias and visual hallucinations (VH) and the potential clinical utility of pareidolias in discriminating dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) from Alzheimer’s dementia (ad). Though pareidolias have been linked with VH severity in DLB, the relationships between pareidolias and other neuropsychiatric symptoms have not been explored in large DLB samples. Method Individuals meeting 2017 McKeith criteria for probable DLB (n = 114) were enrolled in a multi-site systematic longitudinal study of the US DLB Consortium. Study assessments included an informant-rated psychiatric inventory (NPI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Noise Pareidolia Task (NPT). Ninety-five participants completed all clinical assessments. To examine baseline relationships between pareidolias responses (NPT) and the presence of 12 neuropsychiatric symptom dimensions (NPI), we used Poisson regression models with robust standard error estimates adjusted for age, education, disease duration, cognition (MoCA), and cholinesterase inhibitor use. Results Contrary to expectation, the presence of VH was not associated with pareidolias in DLB (Incidence Rate Ratio = 1.37, p = 0.275). The presence of both delusions (IRR = 2.11, p = 0.01) and depression (IRR = 1.79, p = 0.015) was associated with greater pareidolias. Additionally, overall cognitive dysfunction was associated with pareidolias (IRR = 0.90, p < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings indicate that pareidolias are associated with poorer cognition and neuropsychiatric dimensions beyond VH, including depression and delusions. As pareidolias have been put forth as a surrogate marker of VH in DLB, future studies examining pareidolias in conjunction with comprehensive psychiatric/cognitive assessment and neuroimaging will further elucidate the clinical utility of pareidolia testing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".